Strengthening Healthcare Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa

At this week’s World Economic Forum on Africa, the Global Health Initiative will call on businesses to use their expertise in partnership with the public sector to help tackle weak healthcare systems in Sub-Saharan Africa. 

Sub-Saharan Africa is the only region in the world expected not to meet any of the health-related Millennium Development Goals. The human cost of this failure is enormous; for example a child born in Niger is 40 times more likely to die before their fifth birthday than a child born in the UK. Much of the reason for this lies in the poor quality of the healthcare systems currently in place.

The White Paper for consultation, From Funding to Action: Strengthening Healthcare Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa, looks at the barriers and identifies opportunities for business to get involved in public-private partnerships that tackle the issues facing the region’s healthcare systems.

Becton, Dickinson & Company, .Abbott Laboratories, GZT, ICASO, Merck & Co., Inc. Newmont Mining, Orasure Technologies, Sudler & Hennessey, World Bank and WHO have all contributed to the process. 

To start the consultation process, Gary Cohen, President of BD Medical; Christopher J. Elias, President, Program for Appropriate Technology in Health; Mahamane Chirfi Guindo, Managing Director, Merck Sharp & Dohme, South Africa; Linah K. Mohohlo, Governor of the Bank of Botswana; and Baroness Lynda Chalker of Wallasey, Chairman, Africa Matters will be discussing this issue in an official session at the World Economic Forum on Africa.

Businesses, governments, NGOs  that want to be part of the consultation can contact Tanya Mounier Senior Project Manager, Global Health Initiative at tanya.mounier@weforum.org
OR view the White Paper via our website  http://www.weforum.org/healthcaresystems

Tanya Mounier

Global Health Initiative, World Economic Forum

in Cape Town, South Africa

Boardroom Talk - Davos Diary: Day Three

Boardroom Talk

Davos Diary: Day Three

Alec Hogg gets tips from a global IT giant on how to live on four hours sleep a night; makes a mental note to look into DiData; and hears more good news on Africa.

By Alec Hogg

DAVOS – It’s Friday and cracks from sleep depravation are starting to show. To make matters worse, somewhere among the dozens of handshakes a nasty lurgie penetrated my body’s lowered defences.

So when the alarm buzzes four hours after I finished the previous day’s commitments, the immediate response it to roll over and miss another breakfast session. Sanity soon prevails. It’s not just any session. This is when I get to see and hear the richest man in the world, Bill Gates.

7am – The World Economic Forum’s annual meetings are easy to criticize. The rich and powerful are accustomed to the best and they get in abundance during the four days when they converge on the Swiss village.

For some it’s all a bit much. And the WEF opens itself up to the occasional swipe by insisting on treating the reporting media like, well, workers. This ranges from imposing restricted access and even forcing them to use a separate entrance to the conference centre.

But for the select group of “media fellows”, Davos provides a turbo-charged injection of distilled knowledge. Gained, sometimes, in the most unusual places. Like 7am when waiting in the icy cold to get through security at the Belvedere Hotel.

Despite the ungodly hour, a well-groomed gent behind me in the lengthy queue was enthusiastically swigging at a can of Diet Coke. Bit early to be imbibing, I ventured. “Naw”, came the broad American accent, “I do a lot of huntin’ and fishin’ and Coke’s the best way to get my caffeine.”

Why not coffee? “It smells mighty fine, but I don’t like the taste,” he responded, before thrusting out his hand, “John Chambers, Cisco, pleased to meet you.”

As though he knew what was going through my mind, one of the most powerful CEOs in the global technology sector proceeded to explain he always gets by on four hours sleep a night.

Is it healthy? “Both my parents are doctors,” Chambers continued, “and they tell me it isn’t. But there’s just so much to do………”

Another interesting aspect of this chance meeting was Chambers’ enthusiasm about South African group Dimension Data. “They’re our best partners. Yes I mean our biggest partner worldwide. We’re like family, we have our squabbles, but there’s a lot of loyalty. I’ve been friends with Jeremy (Ord) and Doc (Watson) for many years; our companies are close.”

Make a mental note to have a look at the way DiData’s share price has been performing relative to Cisco. There used to be a time when it tracked the US-based giant closely. But not so lately. Maybe investors have forgotten about the close ties. An opportunity lurking?

Chambers is in the queue because he has a 7am meeting shoehorned into another long Davos day. I’m there because of a special “media fellows” breakfast where Microsoft’s Bill Gates will be interviewed by New York Times columnist and best selling author Tom Friedman.

What I thought would be rather private is anything but. It turns out half of Davos got the invitation to the Gates breakfast. The queue takes forever and in the only technical mix-up of the week, the computer says I’m not on the invitation list. That’s quickly sorted out and I eventually find a place at a table near the front, but with my back to the two players on an elevated stage.

Although the table has been shorn of virtually all its nutrients, even on an empty stomach Gates is full value. He reckons the best way for America to beat off the ChIndia challenge is by maintaining its lead in education.

But there’s much work to the done at high school level, Gates says, and he has strong ideas on how to reform the US education system – smaller schools; more specialized curricula. Ideas should surely apply equally in SA.

Gates says Microsoft is already funding 1500 US schools to help them through the transition. Hopefully Team Thabo has heard about it from Gates himself; the US is not alone in needing to counter the developing economic powers from the East.

It’s a wide-ranging discussion. Another issue that resonates is on energy where Gates argues that higher levels for crude oil “are not a one, two year spike. People are under-estimating the impact of the rising demand.”

To address this, Gates believes finding alternatives to oil are critical and notes: “Various conversion technologies to do with coal and so on are getting a lot of attention.”

He returns to the subject when asked about Africa: “There are a lot of good things going on in South Africa,” Gates said, “like coal conversion.”

It’s yet a further instance of how much attention is now being paid to Sasol’s oil-from-coal process. Later in the day I ask Sasol CEO Pat Davies if there has been direct interest in doing business; he’s coy but struggles to hide a smile. Davies did say, though, Sasol expects there to be many other opportunities after the Qatar project comes on stream later this year.

Next it’s off to the update on Africa, a session that’s so popular among Davos participants that the 400-seater hall is full, more than a hundred are standing at the back and dozens more wait hopefully outside. Glad I had the good sense to book and arrive early.

Even though Africa is very much off the agenda, the mood in the packed hall is jubilant.

Nigeria’s President Obasanjo is visibly moved: “I never thought so many people in Davos were still interested in Africa.” Of course the audience didn’t know Obasanjo’s term of reference was the previous day’s media conference when only myself, the guy from Bloomberg and a press-ganged Swiss bothered to show up.

British Prime Minister-in-waiting Gordon Brown sums up the thrust of the session saying the international community must make sure promises of 2005 are translated into action this and next year. He shouts, to spontaneous applause: “The real question is real empowerment; to move from aid to empowerment plans for things like universal schooling and free healthcare.”

Musician Bono has the audience in stitches with clever one-liners but makes the deadly serious point that European cows are subsidized to the tune of $2 a day – which is more than the earnings generated by a third of the people on earth.

Reuters chairman Niall Fitzgerald adds that the subsidy in Japan is $7 per cow, emphasizing that best way to help Africa would be by leveling the trade playing fields. He pleads for a killing of the rich world’s “illiterate” agricultural subsidies which “benefit only rich landowners and large corporations.”

Welcome to Regional Struggles Action Group

Welcome to the World Economic Forum Action Group Blog. This action group, formed in our Annual Meeting 2006 focuses on Regional Identities and Struggles. The aim of the Action Group  is to address how the business community can positively impact the regional economic growth and prosperity of Europe, Asia, Latin America, Middle East and Africa. Topics we hope to discuss (and disagree on) are: - Labor movements, regional immigration, economic and social integration - Social reform: combatting poverty and disease - National identity and religious struggles - New regional balance and emerging hotspots - Emergence, or not, of new leadership So, now it's time to introduce ourselves: two Mediterranean inquisitive minds (an Italian and a Lebanese) who usually write and think in less dry terms ( it's really late right now!!!!!) who will try to navigate you through the thousands of different sessions where the best minds will try providing real answers to serious questions! Jokes aside, we will try to be faithful reporters on the discussions we witness in Davos, on the one side, and critical analyzers on the other. We are hoping to keep you informed and entertained- and we promise to report the fashion faux-pas of the day. Hope you do the same! Thea Chiesa and Diana El-Azar (of course, you knew we were women from all our exclamation marks!)

Business doing its bit

G-8 leaders are not the only ones busy preparing themselves for their annual summit at the end of the week. Business leaders have also been busy looking at how they can fight poverty and climate change - the two key items on the agenda.

Ahead of the G-8 Summit, top flight firms at the World Economic Forum's Africa Economic Summit committed to working with the public sector to fulfil the recommendations of the Commission for Africa's Report.

Stay tuned to hear from Bud Ris, Senior Fellow at the World Economic Forum, who has been working with business chiefs and the British government in the run-up to the G-8 Summit on public-private partnerships to tackle climate change. We're going to post an interview with him on this very blog, and if you read French, you can catch a live chat on online news site Nouvelobs on Wednesday 6 July:

http://www.nouvelobs.com/forum/archives/forum_334.html

International tax: many people don't take it seriously, but everyone is still talking about it

Even if French president Jacques Chirac couldn't make it to Davos, he managed to get everyone talking about him. Since the speech he gave on the first day of the Annual Meeting, journalists and participants have been constantly bringing up his controversial project for raising money to fight poverty and AIDS.

During Tony Blair's press conference this morning, the first question asked was what he thought about this international tax proposed by M. Chirac. To avoid the polemics, British Prime Minister said he hadn't had the time to study the idea in details yet, but that there were "different means" to get financial resources.

After the conference, M. Blair, presidents of South Africa, Thabo Mbeki and Nigeria, Olusegun Obasanjo, former President Bill Clinton, Microsoft Chairman Bill Gates and U2's Bono got together to discuss "G-8 and Africa: Rethoric or Action?". French journalist Christine Ockrent, the session's moderator, started it out asking about M. Chirac's proposals.

M. Blair repeated that the ideas had yet to be analysed. Later on, the subject came up one more time and Bill Clinton reacted, almost angrily. "Let's not get diverted here!", he said, adding that the debate over this international tax was keeping people from focusing on what is really important: how to spend the money available efficiently.

When the audience was invited to participate, someone questioned the guests why they were so hesitant about the international tax if there is not enough money for aid. "Who would approve it? How? I have never seen an international tax", answered M. Clinton. And Bill Gates added: "The most optimistic in the room knows that it will be five or ten years before we can have such a tax".

Trying to change the subject, the moderator interrupted claiming that the issue would be debated later on other sessions. But the participants insisted. At the end of the session, George Soros got the microphone and showed his support for Jacques Chirac's ideas: "Unless they find a better way, let's do it!".

-- Joana Calmon

If not for them, then do it for you

Why should rich countries help Africa - and other developing countries - to develop and eradicate poverty ?

People living in rich countries might not feel concerned even if aware of what is going on in developing countries. As long as one has enough to eat, water to drink and, say, a nice car, he might be tempted to turn his eyes and pretend he doesn’t see.

This is forgetting that the future of the world also depends on Africa’s future. Even if poverty is located, its consequences know no frontiers. Poverty fuels extremism and terrorism, two evils that have already hit rich countries.

Then aid should know no frontiers. When a school is built or a child is saved in Africa, western countries show how much they care. And, doing so, might prevent terrorist attacks.

Like the Marshall plan (proposed by the United States to Europe after WWII) was not only fuelled by generosity but by a will to curb the spread of communism, a comprehensive (and efficient) plan to fight against poverty all around the world would both reached moral and political aims.

Fight against poverty and you will fight against extremism is one of the messages delivered today by U2’s singer, Bono. Two birds with one stone…

-- Benoit Petit

Business and HIV/AIDS in Africa

aidscards_hi_04

HIV/AIDS has been cited as one of the two most fundamental threats to Africa's development.

Over the last 20+ years, we have seen slow and patchy responses from all of the key stakeholders - from donors, governments of affected countries, NGOs, religious leaders and faith-based organisations, and, most recently, the private sector - to the extent that Richard Feachem, the head of the Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, said that if we had done nothing about AIDS, the epidemic would essentially be where it is today.

Research by the World Economic Forum's Global Health Initiative gives the first-ever baseline of what business leaders are thinking and doing about HIV - both globally and in Africa. Read the Global Health Initiative's report: "Business and HIV/AIDS in Africa: a Regional Snapshot".

The results show some movement, but nothing like enough. African companies, however are leading the way.

And now let's hear from you -

1. How much can we expect of businesses? Where are the limits of their corporate responsibilities?

2. What is reasonable to expect businesses that are operating in low prevalence countries - for example India, China or Russia - to do?

3. How can investors and consumers encourage companies to do more? Should they?

4. Why is there so much resistance to supporting HIV/AIDS programmes for the communities around companies, if it means giving money to companies to implement them?

Diary from Maputo: Part II

leadership_trees

It's been said (though not here in Maputo) that people get the leaders they deserve. This is a point we could debate forever. Instead, I'd like to put this piece in the context of something Ndidi Nwuneli said during the leadership session: that there is a distinction between leaders and those who merely occupy positions of power and that in Africa, we use often seem to confuse the two. An excellent point that bears repeating, and often.

There was general consensus in the session that integrity is a prerequisite to leadership. This led to an interesting debate after the session among a group of young people. I was gently mocked as an absolutist for saying that integrity was something simple and straightforward that one either has or does not have. Others insisted that one can be endowed with greater of lesser amounts of integrity and still be a good leader. We argued to a stalemate and the debate rages on in our minds, I am sure.

This provides a convenient segue to the topic of corruption. In some African countries - not all, mind you - corruption is so pervasive that it is factored in as a cost of doing business. It is expensive to have the courage of your convictions, especially when it means leaving the field wide open for your competitors. Yet there are companies that refuse to do business if it means compromising their integrity. A difficult decision, yes. But not an impossible one.

The point of the leadership session as I understood it, though this was not made explicit, was that we can all be leaders in our particular spheres of influence, but only if we choose to take on the attendant responsiblities. And that it is possible to demand the leadership we believe we deserve.

This means not only political leadership, which gets most of the attention. There are also institutions that play a critical role in promoting economic growth in Africa. One of them, the African Development Bank, will soon be looking for a new leader. Will there be a process that is open and transparent, i.e. that anyone can follow to see how the final selection is made? Will merit trump other considerations, like making the choice politically palatable? Will there be backroom deals that have little to do with what the job requires and more to do with satisfying various constituencies? Will it be a race to the bottom where the final candidate is perhaps adequate but not ideal, and is seen as the least of all evils rather than the best man or woman for the job?

We can make our voices heard. We need leaders who will build on the good that was done before them, not ones who will insist on scrapping everything and starting from scratch, a tendency that is often indulged in Africa. If we abdicate our responsibility, as Africans and friends of Africa, to make our voices heard, then we do get the leadership we deserve.

Back to Maputo, a closing thought. I am a communications person and I traffic in perceptions and imagery. On the final day of the Summit, there was a session on Organized Business, i.e. trade associations. All the speakers, most of them representing the private sector, were upbeat in their assessments. Consumer and investor confidence are carefully watched; the consumer confidence index in the U.S. for example is a hotly anticipated economic indicator. It goes without saying that before one can even think of boosting confidence, fundamentals must be sound. Communications does play a role however. The late President Reagan, considered one of the great communicators, was able during the election in 1980 to make people look past bleak economic numbers and believe him when he pronounced it to be "morning in America". Lo and behold, the economy soon took a turn for the better. In large part, a matter of good timing, but also an indication that confidence does matter. And when the final speaker of the session, Bheki Sibiya of the trade association Business Unity South Africa (BUSA) concluded his remarks by saying: "The mood in Africa is positive", we believed him too.

Cheers.

Elizabeth Tsehai
E.T. Communications

Success Stories & New Opportunities

Let's hear about the success stories coming out of Africa! I'm tired of only reading in the media about the "failures" of African states and businesses....

Here's one example of an African success story: Luisa Dias Diogo, prime minister and minister of planning and finance of Mozambique, talked about how the Mozal aluminium smelter and the Sasol Gas project had together brought investment of more than US$ 1.2 billion into Mozambique. (This was at a session focusing on successes in Africa at the Africa Economic Summit)

I've also been visiting health clinics at various international firms with offices in Mozambique - clinics which help employees with HIV/AIDS and other illnesses. We need more of these investments and committments by business.

I agree with Elizabeth - there's much to be optimistic about!

Diary from Maputo

I'm new to this blogging thing so bear with me...

Just got out of a three-hour workshop on leadership hosted by Reuel Khoza, one of our business luminaries in Africa and a visionary in the true sense of the word. An innovation on the part of WEF in terms of structure and venue - whole thing took place under the trees in the lovely garden of the conference center. This all helped make the discussion informal, interactive and therefore infinitely more useful than most such events. Three hours went by like a flash, our own Ndidi Nwuneli did us GLTs proud as a panelist. President Mbeki showed a side of his character that the outside world rarely if ever gets to see, and he brought down the house. Not only was what he said fascinating and revealing (not just saying that, really) but he also demonstrated a sense of humor that brought down the house.

I was a discussant in an earlier session on marketing and the stigma of AIDS. As a marketer, I reduced everything to soundbites, much to the amusement of the heavyweights at my table. Archbishop Ndungane of Cape Town was forceful in laying the blame for stigma at his own doorstep, saying that faith communities continue to associate sex with sin, which leads to the inevitable conclusion that AIDS is the wrath of God and that AIDS sufferers get what they deserve. But we must all take responsibility, and in the end, the most persuasive speaker was a woman who spoke of her nephew. When he announced he had AIDS, his family said so what and loved him dearly just as they had always done. That love sustained him and kept him alive for tenyears after finding out he had AIDS - that and sheer force of will, since drugs were not available at the time. You could have heard a pin drop.

I am from Ethiopia, where I was raised: it is the country of my father and I identify with it with a strange kind of fervor that sometimes takes me by surprise. At the same time, my Mom is Mexican and I am an active member of the Mexican GLT network, a story for another time. But I live in Washington and have lived there since my college days a long time ago. People in the U.S. sometimes ask how I can be optimistic about Africa, which actually is what I do professionally (being optimistic about Africa that is) since I launched my company with the explicit goal of changing the image of Africa. The answer is because the people I see at events like this, and in my day to day work both in the U.S. (six million African expats and counting) and in Africa where I spend much of my time, give me nothing BUT reasons to be optimistic.

Tune in again tomorrow. Don't have a laptop so you'll excuse me for just doing these kind of wrap-up pieces.

Cheers,
Elizabeth Tsehai
E.T. Communications
GLT 2002

What does self determination mean if you are hungry?

Governments all over the world use food as a policy tool.

While this week, Brazilian President Lula described three meals a day as the most fundamental human right, governments in the North continue subsidies that reduce their Southern neighbours' ability to feed themselves, and a few governments in the South reject genetically-modified foods to feed their starving population.

Where is the sense in this debate?

Not a drop to drink

President Chissano and the World Economic Forum's Managing Director, Fred Sicre, spin on the pump in Mozambique"We have no choice but to move forward when one-third of our population in Africa has no access to clean water, and two-thirds of our people have no sanitation." Gugu Moloi, Chief Executive of Umgeni Water.
Moloi along with Mozambique's president Joaquim Chissano launched a new project to get business involved with supplying fresh water to communities. Read more

Here's a photo of a "play pump" that pumps water as kids spin on it - it's just the kind of sustainable, business-sponsored, project needed. How desperate is the water situation in your community? Do you have any recommendations for, or examples of waters projects to share?

Africa: Tragically Disappointing?

"Tragically disappointing" - that's how a new report describes Africa's economic performance over the past few decades. The Africa Competitiveness Report is dismal reading... Tell me, why is there mostly bad economic news coming out of this continent?

Also - let's not forget the success stories! Countries like Botswana have done an exemplary job of getting the economy into shape, but what is it going to take for its neighbours to follow its example?

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